Abstract
In this paper, ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was the first time successfully utilized as single solvent in preparing the PVDF membrane with a good performance by N-TIPs method. The effects of quenching temperature and hydrophilic additive content on the morphology, permeability, and strength of the membranes were studied. All the prepared PVDF membranes were proved to be a pure β phase by FTIR and XRD, possessing a narrow pore size distribution. By adjusting quenching temperature and additive content, membranes with a flux of 383.2 L/m2 h and concentrated pore diameter of 26 nm obtained.
Highlights
Membrane technology is called "the water treatment technology of the twenty-first century", which can be used to separate, grade, purify or enrich constituent systems
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) can exist in five distinct crystalline phases, the β–phase possessing an all-trans (TTT) planar zigzag conformation (Kepler and Anderson 1978; Lovinger 1982; Salimi and Yousefi 2003), Each polymer chain in the β phase has a dipole moment oriented perpendicular to its long axis originating from the separation of the C F2 and CH2 groups
Preparation PVDF membrane by TIPS is a kind of nonequilibrium process, so the effect of cooling speed on the phase diagram should be considered
Summary
Membrane technology is called "the water treatment technology of the twenty-first century", which can be used to separate, grade, purify or enrich constituent systems. Due to the high binding energy of fluorocarbon chain, PVDF has excellent chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature color change resistance, oxidation resistance, ultraviolet resistance and high-energy radiation resistance. It has strong wear resistance, flexibility, swelling strength, impact. Β–phase PVDF has electroactive properties including piezo, pyro, and ferroelectricity, and can be used in wide specific applications(Martins et al 2014); it has been used in piezoelectric membranes separation(Lee et al 2004; Ohigashi et al 1991; Deka and Kumar 2011; Wormald et al 2006; Martins et al 2011; Imai et al 2012; Ribeiro et al 2012). By increasing the environmental restrictions, membrane producers are facing numerous challenges to reduce the environmental impact
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