Abstract
Fibers with good flame retardant (FR) and smoke suppression performances are highly desirable for the purpose of eliminating fire hazard. This study developed a novel FR fiber by wet-spinning poly (vinyl alcohol)/β-cyclodextrin (PVA/βCD) composite fiber and crosslinking it with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). βCDs showed good compatibility with PVA matrix, and the resulting PVA/CD/HDI fibers showed mechanical strength at the same level as natural cotton fiber. The PVA/CD/HDI fibers also showed excellent flame retardance (the LOI value of PVA/CD/HDI could reach 41.7%, and their peak of heat release (PHRR) could be reduced by up to 77.7% by neat PVA), and super-smoke suppression (the value of total smoke production (TSP) was only 28.6% compared to PVA). These dramatic reductions of fire hazard were ascribed to the char formation of βCD and crosslinking structure of PVA/CD/HDI, which formed a compact char layer during combustion, thus preventing heat transmission and smoke release.
Highlights
Fire accidents are harmful to life and property and cause more life and property losses than natural disasters [1]
This study aimed to develop a kind of halogen-free and phosphonate-free FR fiber with flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties. βCD is chosen as the carbon source mixing with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the poly (vinyl alcohol)/β-cyclodextrin (PVA/βCD) (PVA/CD) composite is spun to fiber by wet spinning
hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) was purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China, 98.0%)
Summary
Fire accidents are harmful to life and property and cause more life and property losses than natural disasters [1]. Flammability of textile fibers, in particular, is always a severe threat for the safety of people [2]. It has been reported that most fire casualties are due to toxic gases, oxygen deprivation, and smoke inhalation [3]. The high temperature of smoke can cause thermal damage to people. Fire smoke contains large amounts of toxic gases, which induce poisoning and suffocation. The visibility reduction caused by fire smoke prevents evacuation of fire victims and interferes with rescue [4]. Reducing fire hazards requires consideration of effective smoke suppression of fibers. The usage of halogen-based flame retardants (FRs) has been reduced by regulations because of the toxic and corrosive gas release during decomposition, they endow good fire resistance to fibers [5,6].
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