Abstract
In this work, a simple and highly efficient adsorbent for cationic dyes based on poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) functionalized graphene (PSS-rGO) was reported. PSS-rGO showed an extraordinary adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB) with a broadened pH range, from 1085 mg g−1 at pH 3.0–1300 mg g−1 at pH 11.0. Remarkably, the PSS-rGO adsorbent could be easily recovered and regenerated after dye adsorption by simply heating at 200 °C for 20 min and intermittent further PSS modification by ultra-sonication for 10 min, offering a facile recovery/regeneration strategy with no secondary pollution. The experimental results of adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicate a multilayer and heterogeneous adsorption process with possibly multiple interaction mechanism. A simple survival experiment of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) confirmed a good bio-compatibility of PSS-rGO. These results promise the potential of PSS-rGO for efficient removal of cationic dye with zero secondary pollution.
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