Abstract
Dihydroxybenzene isomers and nitrite, NO2−, are present in the environment as highly toxic compounds and cause human cancer. In this study, for the first time poly(quercetin) (PQ) was synthesized from the reaction between quercetin (Q) and hydroquinone (HQ) as a linker. Bismuth nanowires (BNWs) were synthesized using a solvothermal technique and then the BNWs and PQ were used for preparation of a novel modified graphite paste electrode (GPE/PQ–BNWs) for simultaneous determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers; HQ, catechol (CC), resorcinol (RS) in the presence of NO2−. The product was characterized using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrochemical response characteristics of the modified GPE toward mix HQ, CC, RS and NO2− were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Under the optimum conditions, detection limits of 0.12, 0.2, 0.82 and 4.5 μM were obtained for HQ, CC, RS and NO2−, respectively. Moreover, the GPE/PQ–BNWs were applied to determine HQ, CC, RS and NO2− in water samples with satisfactory results.
Highlights
The dihydroxybenzene isomers, hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC) and resorcinol (RS), exist in the environment as high toxicity and low degradability chemicals of polluted water.[1,2] They are used in a large number of industries, such as tanning, cosmetics, dyes, coal mining, oil re nery, paint, polymer and pharmaceutical preparation.[2,3] Their unauthorized concentration in the environment can show damaging effects on human health, animals, plants and aquatic life.[4]
For the rst time PQ was synthesized from reaction between Q and HQ and used for preparation of a novel modi ed graphite paste electrode with PQ and Bismuth nanowires (BNWs) for simultaneous determination of HQ, CC, RS and NO2À
All electrolyte solutions were prepared with double stilled water (DDW) and deoxygenated with nitrogen bubbling before each voltammetric experiment at room temperature (RT)
Summary
The dihydroxybenzene isomers, hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC) and resorcinol (RS), exist in the environment as high toxicity and low degradability chemicals of polluted water.[1,2] They are used in a large number of industries, such as tanning, cosmetics, dyes, coal mining, oil re nery, paint, polymer and pharmaceutical preparation.[2,3] Their unauthorized concentration in the environment can show damaging effects on human health, animals, plants and aquatic life.[4]. Quercetin (Q) is a avanid which can found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, and grains It can be used as a part in supplements, beverages, or food.[22] In 2013, Sahiner reported synthesis polyquercetin (PQ) from reaction between L–a lecithin as surfactant and cyclohexane as organic phase.[23] In other hand, there has been considerable interest in fabricating nanostructured materials such as multilayers, nanowires, and nanoparticles, other composite materials. Arrays of nanowires such as bismuth nanowires (BNWs) are a recent type of. The proposed method successfully was applied for the simultaneous determination of HQ, CC, RS and NO2À in water samples
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