Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme that facilitates DNA repair and may be important in neuronal cell death in a variety of diseases including cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and stroke. This chapter briefly reviews the characteristics of PARP, its activation, and its role in both focal (stroke) and global (cardiac arrest/CPR) cerebral ischemia. We demonstrate PARP deficiency to be effective in reducing neuronal reperfusion injury after stroke and cardiac arrest/CPR in mouse models. These data suggest a selective role of PARP-1 in glutamate excitotoxicity and that strategies of inhibiting PARP-1 may offer substantial neuroprotection in focal and global cerebral ischemia.
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