Abstract
Wastewater irrigation is practiced in outskirts of several cities of India. Enhanced growth and productivity of crops possess threat of heavy metal accumulation while irrigated with wastewater. Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in soil flooded with wastewater of Mawaiya drain in Naini region of Allahabad district, using parameter of contamination factor and pollution load index (PLI). Samples of soil were taken from the fields irrigated with wastewater and analyzed for heavy metals by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The maximum accumulation of heavy metal was observed for iron in soil. Heavy metal contamination is soil was assessed by estimation of contamination factor which was observed for Cu (0.7858), Fe (296.1864), Zn (0.4304), Pb (1.1661) and Ni (1.8912). Pollution load index (PLI) used for assessment of soil contamination and observed that maximum contamination (PLI, 74.31) was in water stressed conditions of summer. Heavy metals concentration in wastewater and accumulation in soil found within WHO limits in present study which may increase if unmanaged wastewater flooding continued.
Highlights
Water is unquestionably the most precious natural resource on earth
Heavy metal concentrations in wastewater of Mawaiya drain are mentioned in table 1, which is source for heavy metal contamination in soil mentioned in table 2
With the help of background value of the heavy metals the contamination factor and pollution load index (PLI) was calculated which reflects the pollution of metals in soil
Summary
Water is unquestionably the most precious natural resource on earth. In Palestine under review of water resource, recycled wastewater as the primary water source for future irrigation demand[11]. Wastewater is often a match as irrigation resource where other water sources are inadequate for irrigation. Number of interesting historical illustrated for the wastewater flow in western United States. Approx 20 Mha under agriculture are estimated to irrigated using treated, partially treated, diluted and untreated wastewater[5]. Wastewater irrigation have implication on soil along with crop grown in form of accumulation of heavy metals and change in nature of substrate[6,8,12]. Soil contamination with heavy metal leading to bioaccumulation of in food chain; disrupt the function and balance
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