Abstract
The study focused on heavy metal concentration in sea water, sea sediment and their toxic effect on sea shells, and on oyster along the east coast of the Bay of Bengal. The hierarchy of heavy metals in sea sediment of the bay showed as: Fe > Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd. The average concentration of nickel exceeded ERL (20.9 μg·g-1) value and the incidence of adverse effects on biological components exceeded 16.7%. The present study showed that the concentration of Cd, Fe, Pb and Cu in sea water were relatively higher than the standard concentration. The study showed a considerable amount of heavy metals (0.035%) such as Zn, Pb, Cu, Fe, and Mg in sea shells, and oyster which may make them toxic. The toxic effect of Pb and Zn may reduce their growth which is a great threat to marine ecosystem.
Highlights
The coast of Bangladesh is known as a zone of multiple vulnerabilities as well as opportunities
The study calculated the average concentration of heavy metal and ERL and Effects Range-Medium (ERM) guideline values for trace metals and percent incidence of biological effects in concentration ranges defined by the two values [7]: ERL = Effects Range-Low and ERM = Effects Range-Median
Concentration of Heavy Metals in Sea Water The study found that the average (n = 30) concentration of Cd, Fe, Pb and Cu were relatively higher than the standard concentration in sea water (Table 4)
Summary
The coast of Bangladesh is known as a zone of multiple vulnerabilities as well as opportunities. Main rivers and lake of this region are the Karnaphuli, Halda, Sangu, Matamuhuri, Bakkhali, Naf, Kasalong, Chingri, Mayani and Kaptai Lake. A large number of chemical and fertilizer industries have been established on both the banks of the Karnaphuli River. Effluents from these industries are reportedly being directly discharged from river to sea. Huge amount of solid wastes and effluents are discharged through Chaktai, Sundari, Noakhal, Mazirghat, Gupta, Mohesh, Shikalbhaha and Ferighat canals into the Karnaphuli River; as a result pollution of this river is increasing day by day [1]. A number of industries namely fertilizers, cement, pulp and paper, food processing, pharma-
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