Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the greatest challenged for the world now days. The pollution load coming out from the number of sources like land, water and air pollution. By textile mill is mainly coming out the operation in wet processing. Present developments in Textile Wet Processing aim at over all clean environment. The Textile industry being highly water intensive is a major source of water pollution globally. Many dyes and chemicals used in textile processing remain unused after the absorption of dye in yarn or fabric. In this paper we discuss about the Disperse dyes, i.e. their absorption / exhaustion. Polyester dyeing with disperse dyes has been found to give much higher concentration of polluting substances resulting in greater harmful effects. All these chemicals are very hard to biodegrade and some are toxic too. We have studied other eco-friendly alternatives employing chemicals, which are less polluting and studied their effect on color strength (dye-absorption/exhaustion) and pollution load on different parameters in dye bath. Also discussed about dyeing the polyester dyeing with carrier method and their effect on color strength and comparison of pollution load on the different parameters in dye-bath.
Highlights
Dye stuffs give color to the material on which they are anchored
Carrier dyeing method Comparison of relative colour strength of dyed sample with disperse Red and two different carries.The sample dyed in the exhaust method with acetic acid considered 100% colour pickup value
For comparison the samples dyed in the presence of acetic acid were taken as Reference Standard and the value of colour strength for the same is taken as 100%
Summary
Dye stuffs give color to the material on which they are anchored. Dyeing is one of the most important operations in the Textile industry and a variety of dyes are used for dyeing (Telis 2001). The cause of pollution are unexhausted dyestuff and other chemical added to dye liquor as well as washing, cleaning process of dyeing which bring about high harmful effects The first table compares the pollutant of different carriers but in polyester dyeing more harmful effect for environment. Some leveling agents, defoaming agents, wetting agents, and metal blocking agents may be employed to increased rate of migration and leveling and fibre penetration (Smith and Mittal 99,Vidya, slack ) These dispersing agents made by the sodium salts of a cresol naphthalene sulphoric acid, formaldehyde condensate (Sampath 2003). Softner, soaps and detergents made by alkyl sulphates alkaryl sulphonate, ethylene oxide, fatty alcohol condensate, etc All these chemicals are very hard to biodegrade and some are toxic too..
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