Abstract
The pollution status of surface sediments in the Luhun drinking water reservoir in the central of China was analyzed and evaluated, and three sampling points were selected for this study. The results showed that the organic matter content of the Luhun reservoir was as high as 5.2%, which was at a high level. The analysis of nitrogen, phosphorus, and their components showed that the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) pollution in Luhun reservoir was in the medium pollution level, among which the ion-exchange state of nitrogen component and the strong-alkali extraction state of phosphorus component accounted for a relatively high risk of release into the overlying water. The results showed that the bioavailability index of Pb and Cr was as high as 0.73 and 0.62, which was of big pollution risk. Generally speaking, the sediment of Luhun reservoir had a high risk of pollution to the overlying water. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for urban safe water supply and provide support for water quality improvement.
Highlights
Studies on heavy metals in sediment majorly focus on Mn, Cr, Al, and Pb
For deep water source reservoirs, the water at the bottom of the reservoir has entered an anaerobic state
Metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other pollutants in the sediment change into a reduction state, and enter the overlying water body, causing water pollution (Wang et al 2019a, Zackary et al 2016, Dadi et al 2016)
Summary
With the aggravation of groundwater pollution, the water quantity is not enough to meet the needs of urban development. For deep water source reservoirs, the water at the bottom of the reservoir has entered an anaerobic state (due to the dual oxygen consumption of the water body and sediment, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom water body is less than 2 mg.L-1, even 0 mg.L-1) At this time, metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other pollutants in the sediment change into a reduction state, and enter the overlying water body, causing water pollution (Wang et al 2019a, Zackary et al 2016, Dadi et al 2016). The central drinking water reservoir (Luhun reservoir) was taken as the research object, and three representative monitoring points, S1, S2, and S3 (Fig. 1) were selected for analyzing the different contents of sediment components, especially heavy metal elements, and evaluating the pollution status by using safety evaluation method. This study can provide a scientific basis for water quality protection and guarantee of the reservoir, and provide a theory for water quality improvement of reservoir support
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