Abstract
21 sampling points were set in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake including 20 fish ponds and 1 natural pond to analyze the contents distribution of heavy metal elements including Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, Hg, As, and Sb in sediment. The degree of heavy metal pollution was evaluated by the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) method. The results showed that the concentrations of Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Hg at in all sampling points of the fish ponds were lower than soil risk screening values of agricultural land in soil environmental quality: risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land (trial) (GB 15618‐2018). The concentrations of As at 5 sampling points were higher than soil risk screening values and lower than soil risk control values of agricultural land in GB 15618‐2018. The concentrations of Sb were lower than soil risk screening values of construction land in soil environmental quality: risk control standard for soil contamination of development land (trial) (GB 36600‐2018). The evaluation results of the geoaccumulation index method showed that the pollution degrees of Cd, Pb, and Hg were moderately contaminated in general, the pollution degree of Cu was uncontaminated to moderately contaminated in general, the pollution degrees of Cr and As were uncontaminated to moderately contaminated in some sampling points, and Zn and Sb could be regarded as uncontaminated in sediment of the fish ponds in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake. Otherwise, the average contents of other heavy metal elements in sediment of the fish ponds in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake were higher than the background value of soil in Hebei Province (BVSH) except for Zn and Sb. The average contents of seven heavy metal elements in sediment of the natural pond in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake were lower than BVSH except for Cr. The result can be regarded as no pollution in the natural pond because the values of Igeo were all lower than 0. The heavy metal pollution in the sediment of the West Lake of Hengshui Lake may be due to the introduction of feeding. The water environment of the West Lake of Hengshui Lake can be effectively improved by cleaning up the sediment of fish ponds and “returning fishing to wetland.”
Highlights
Introduction e heavy metal pollution has the characteristics of strong toxicity, easy accumulation, and nondegradation, which is one of the key points in the current environmental pollution prevention and control work. e sediment in the lake usually has a strong accumulation effect on heavy metal elements because heavy metal elements in lake can be enriched in sediment through a variety of biological and physicochemical processes. e contents of the heavy metal elements in sediment in lake are often much higher than that in the water itself, which may be hundreds or even tens of thousands of times of its content in the water. e heavy metal elements in sediment may be released into water under the certain conditions
Hengshui Lake is divided into East Lake and West Lake. e West Lake covers an area of about 32.5 km2, with scattered water surface including many fish ponds and a natural pond
According to the field investigation of the sediment and the disturbance in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake, 21 sampling points were selected in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake. e water depth of the sampling points is 1–5 M. e TC-600 the grab dredger was used to collect the sediment samples with the depth of 0–50 cm, the sampling area was 50 × 50 cm2, and the sampling points were located by GPS, July 15–17, 2019. e sediment volume of each sampling point was about 1-2 L
Summary
Erefore, according to the geographical location of the West Lake of Hengshui Lake, 21 sampling points had been set up in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake, including 20 fish ponds and 1 natural pond. According to the field investigation of the sediment and the disturbance in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake, 21 sampling points were selected in the West Lake of Hengshui Lake. In 1969, German scholar Mulr proposed the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) method [12], which was widely used to evaluate heavy metal pollution in water and sediment. Erefore, the geoaccumulation index method has been used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution degree of the West Lake of Hengshui Lake in this study. According to the value of Igeo, the heavy metal pollution degrees are divided into 7 classes (Table 1). Statistical Analysis. e experimental data were processed by Excel software and were plotted by ArcGIS 10.3 software
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