Abstract
Arbutus unedo is a species mainly used for landscaping purposes and lately for honey production. Its antioxidant characteristics have also been a subject of of research interest. The germination of pollen grains freshly collected from flowers was tested in vitro, and 30% sucrose gave the highest pollen germination. Subsequently, three growth regulators belonging to the categories of gibberellins and brassinosteroids [24-epibrassinolide (Ebl) and 22S,23S-homobrassinolide (Hbl)] were added to the growth medium singly or in double combinations (gibberellin + brassinosteroid), and the petri dishes were kept for 24 hours at 26?1?C. The results showed that the highest germination rates were obtained from treatments with 0.01 ppm Hbl (45.47%) and 0.001 ppm Hbl (26.74%). They were followed by treatments with 0.001 ppm Ebl, 25 ppm GA3 and 0.1 ppm Ebl. As the concentration of GA3 increased, the germination rate declined considerably. Statistical analysis of the combined treatments showed that combinations of growth regulators lowered the germination rates compared to their individual application. Moreover, action of the lowest GA3 concentration (25 ppm) best matched the effects of brassinosteroids, and increasing the GA3 concentration in combined treatments did not improve germination. The highest germination was obtained with 0.1 ppm Hbl, followed by all Ebl treatments. Brassinosteroids might be an inducer of pollen germination in plants depending on their type and concentrations. When individually included in the growth medium, the extent of this induction was greater with the homobrassinolide than with the epibrassinolide. Their interactions with gibberellins are shown to be mostly dependent on the concentration of gibberellic acid used. The tested epibrassinolide was more consistent than the homobrassinolide in maintaining higher germination levels. The findings of this study indicate that gathering more information from studies involving other plant species is needed to clarify the role of brassinosteroids in in vitro and in vivo germination.
Highlights
IntroductionA member of the Ericaceae family, is known as strawberry tree
Arbutus unedo, a member of the Ericaceae family, is known as strawberry tree
A. andrachne is in the same sub-family of Arbutiodae, it is clear that A. unedo reacted to different concentrations of sucrose in the growth medium and the concentration of agar might even play an important part in supporting pollen germination
Summary
A member of the Ericaceae family, is known as strawberry tree. It is widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin. Its habitat is maquis and evergreen shrub. It flowers from September to December and bears fruit from August to November (Soro & Paxton 1999). Arbutus unedo is a natural plant found in the coastal flora of Turkey, along with its close relative A. andrachne. With its shiny leaves and impressive red fruits, it is widely used for landscaping purposes
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