Abstract
Summary Pollen-morphological descriptions covering nearly all species of the monocot families Stemonaceae and Pentastemonaceae are presented. Pentastemona pollen is different from that of the Stemonaceae, which corroborates the results from macromorphology, flower ontogeny, and ovule and seed structure. Pentastemona is probably not closely related to the Stemonaceae. Resemblances with the pollen of Peliosanthes (Convallariaceae) and Trillium (Trilliaceae) are interpreted as convergence. The phylogenetic position of Pentastemona remains uncertain, and justifies recognition of the genus as a separate family.
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