Political subject as a category of philosophical reflection

Abstract

The world is undergoing a drastic reshaping, associated with the use of technologies that provide enormous opportunities, up to "human improvement", and at the same time pose new problems, the complexity of which requires researchers to go beyond regular disciplinary boundaries. This provokes a critical rethinking of the categories of political and philosophical analysis. One of the key categories is the category of the political subject as a thinking and acting party, a guarantor of political stability and an agent of political change.In this work, we will highlight the key approaches to understanding political subjectivity, consider how a political subject arises and on what grounds it functions, dwell on what are the conditions for the evolutionary stability of political subjects of different levels and what are the resources for the destruction of a political subject. As a result of the work, we will propose criteria for constructing a collective political subject that has pre-adaptive potential that gives grounds for evolutionary optimism.