Abstract
The concepts of democratic reversal and the erosion of liberties make little sense in electoral democracies like Tanzania that have never attained democratic liberties in the first place. As critical as elections are to democratization, a more important locus of the struggle for political reform in Africa has been associations that seek to establish and maintain their autonomy from the state. In Tanzania, where the democratization process was stalled after multiparty elections and the government showed little inclination to deepen the democratization process, critical social struggles continued in such areas as women's organizations, the media, and nongovernmental organizations over issues pertaining to political and civil liberties.
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