Abstract
This paper entitled “Politeness Principles in Donald Trump’s Election Victory Speech: A Pragmatic Study” discusses the maxims of politeness principles, illocutionary acts and the illocutionary functions found in the victory speech of Donald Trump on November 7th, 2016. The purpose of this study is to define how far the maxims of politeness principles, the illocutionary acts and the illocutionary functions affect Donald Trump’s speech. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive design. It was concerned with the explanation of utterance produced by Donald Trump in which politeness principles, illocutionary acts, and illocutionary functions occur. The primary source was the transcript of the speech retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com. In directing the study, the researcher; identified the data and then categorized them, clarified the categorized data, analysed the classified data, interpreted the data, reported the discovery and presented the data in the discussion. The analysis started with what types of politeness principles employed by Donald Trump, illocutionary acts, the illocutionary functions and ended with the discussion about the most dominant maxim used by Donald Trump. The conclusions presented that there were 21 utterances which contained 6 forms of politeness principles. Trump tended to use the expressions of tact maxim (6 utterances), generosity (4 utterances), approbation (5 utterances), modesty (3 utterances), agreement (1 utterance), and sympathy (2 utterances). The types of illocutionary acts; assertive in 4 utterances, directive in 5 utterances, commissive in 5 utterances, expressive in 7 utterances, and declaration in none. Illocutionary functions found were as follows; competitive function in 4 utterances, convivial function in 13 utterances, collaborative functions in 4 utterances, and conflictive function in none. The furthermost leading maxim from politeness principles was tact maxim which means that Trump tried to maximize the benefit of other and minimize the cost to other.
Highlights
Background of the StudyTalking about politeness, Leech (1983:132) states that politeness principle basically pays awareness to the six maxims of the politeness; tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim.Based on the occurrences above, this study is concerned with the analysis of the politeness principles, illocutionary acts and illocutionary functions that would be found in election victory speech spoken by Donald Trump
The analysis started with what types of politeness principles employed by Donald Trump, illocutionary acts, the illocutionary functions and ended with the discussion about the most dominant maxim used by Donald Trump
The spoken data were taken from the video “Donald Trump’s election victory speech” on YouTube used to figure out the action and to understand the expression used by the characters and how they respond each other
Summary
Based on the occurrences above, this study is concerned with the analysis of the politeness principles, illocutionary acts and illocutionary functions that would be found in election victory speech spoken by Donald Trump. The topic is interesting to be the topic of writing because so far this writing has not been done yet by any previous writers; this writing will be written to give an understanding to the language users or people when conducting certain speech which must consider other feelings without hurting one another. What types of politeness principle used in the expression of Donald Trump’s speech? B. What kinds of illocutionary acts and illocutionary functions are employed in the utterance of Donald Trump’s election victory speech?
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