Abstract
Purpose – the main aim of the study is an assessment of the banking sector in Poland, including the size of the sector, banking institutions forming the sector and consolidation processes taking place in the sector against the background of banking sectors in other countries. The paper also indicates ownership changes as a consequence of consolidation processes in the banking sectors after the global financial crisis of 2008−2012. Research methodology – the following research methods were used: cause and effect analysis, comparative analysis, case studies, observation method, secondary data analysis, and synthesis method. Findings – the research allowed to find out that the banking sector in Poland is growing at a rate significantly exceeding the growth rate in other European countries. However, rapid development does not mean a radical increase in the importance of this sector in Europe. Concentration ratios of the Polish banking sector show continuous but slight increases, although their level is still quite low compared to other European Union countries. Moreover, in Poland, a decreasing number of banks, observed in recent years, reduces a share of foreign investors in the structure of the sector. This means a high activity of domestic investors in taking over bank capital. Research limitations – the main research limitation is that the study mainly focuses on changes as well as comparative analysis of the concentration ratio (CR5). While further research should be expanded by more measures to compare ownership structure and the profitability of Polish and the European Unionʼs banking sectors. Practical implications – the results might be useful for central banks and supervisory authorities when it comes to their role in changes in the ownership structure of banking sectors. Originality/Value – the main value of the article is the in-depth analysis of the ownership structure of the Polish banking sector in the background of the European ones
Highlights
IntroductionA share of banksassets in the financial system in the European countries and in the world is diverse
The banking sector is very important for the financial system and the real economy
The banking sector in Poland is growing at a rate significantly exceeding the growth rate in other European countries
Summary
A share of banksassets in the financial system in the European countries and in the world is diverse. It is varied from the point of view of the value of bank assets, profitability, the degree of sector’s concentration as well as its ownership structure. The banking sector is constantly changing − both in the world, in Europe as well as in Poland These changes are accompanied, among others, by consolidation process and ownership changes. Due to the limited scope of the paper, the Authors concentrate their attention on consequences of the consolidation, measured by the total assets of the 5 largest banks (CR5) in the banking sector in Poland and in the European Union
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