Abstract
Abstract The article presents changes that took place in the textile and apparel (T&A) industry in Poland in the years 2004–2020. To describe the changes, we adopted the supply chain management perspective, which allowed for a global view of the changes taking place. We discuss the basic characteristics, such as the size and structure of the industry, innovation, production value, and the use of information and communications technology (ICT). In the research, we used the databases of the Central Statistical Office (GUS) on the sold production of the T&A industry, as well as imports and exports. Our research shows that, at the level of basic characteristics, the industry is close to the European model. However, it is characterized by a smaller share of small companies in the structure of enterprises. The research showed an upward trend in the production of sold textiles and, to a lesser extent, apparel. At the same time, the operation of the Polish T&A industry is influenced by the import of finished products and raw materials from China, Germany, Bangladesh, and Turkey. The export is directed to the German, Czech, Romanian, and Ukrainian markets. The article provides an overview of the development trends in the Polish T&A industry in the broad context of international conditions.
Highlights
The textile industry is classified as a low-technology industry, which affects its specificity and strong dependence on both the raw material base and the markets for finished products
It is worth emphasizing that the importance of technical textile production in Poland is strongly related to industrial customers and proves the effectiveness of the niche market strategy in the production of apparel [14, 15]
Identification and prioritization of the success factors and challenges related to competitive manufacturing capabilities in a high-cost environment; identification of their potential to support future reshoring in textile and clothing (T&C) supply chains
Summary
The textile industry is classified as a low-technology industry, which affects its specificity and strong dependence on both the raw material base and the markets for finished products. The aim of this article is to analyze the changes taking place in the sold industrial production, imports, and exports of the textile and apparel (T&A) industry in Poland in the context of trends in the global supply chain of the textile industry. The research conducted by the Central Statistical Office (GUS) on the group of medium-sized and large enterprises showed significant differences in product and process innovation in the textile industry (Table 3). The percentage share of enterprises that introduced product innovations in the field of textile production is more than twice as high as that of enterprises involved in the production of apparel (Figure 1) This shows the main area of R&D in the textile industry in Poland. Considering traditional forms and tools of communication, such as the Internet, websites, and e-government, a large number of enterprises use these modes, whereas, as far as modern technologies are concerned, the textile industry does not use cloud computing or social media
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