Abstract
BECAUSE of the frequent presence of a facial paralysis in bulbar poliomyelitis, it was apparent to early investigators that the pons was commonly involved in this disease. Wickman<sup>1</sup>was one of the first to describe the pontine form of poliomyelitis. During the Swedish epidemic of 1905 he collected 26 cases of facial paralysis, 6 cases of abducens paralysis, and 2 cases of trigeminal paralysis. Wickman believed that the seventh cranial nerve was the one most commonly involved in poliomyelitis. Medin,<sup>2</sup>in the Scandinavian epidemic of 1887, observed, among 65 patients, 9 with involvement of the facial muscles and 6 with abducens paralysis. It was apparent to these early investigators that three types of facial paralysis can occur in this disease: (1) facial paralysis appearing as an isolated finding, (2) facial paralysis associated with spinal paralysis, and (3) facial paralysis as part of a severe bulbar paralysis. The first
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