Policy visions of big data

Abstract

Big data evokes controversy in the international relations literature. Much of this controversy centers on the intent of big data when used by governments. Will big data be a force for liberation, opening new avenues for individual participation in decision-making processes? Or will it be a force of repression, providing new means through which the government can restrict individual rights? This paper provides new insights into this debate by examining the policy visions related to big data in three emerging power states (Brazil, India and China). Doing so is crucial as these countries not only comprise some of the world's largest populations, but also have demonstrated their initiative in national and international promotion of big data politics. We perform a content analysis of policy documents and policymaker statements discussing the use of big data and related socio-technical and ethical issues in these states. In so doing, we identify unique challenges and opportunities offered via the use of big data outside the global North. In addition, we evaluate these governments' expectations regarding the impact of big data and related technologies within diverse decision-making contexts.