Abstract
c=> The federal welfare amendments of 1962 were hailed by many as a fundamental change. The chief reason for this was their acceptance of social work doctrine about the need for services in public assistance. The amendments' history illustrates the difficult substantive issues in that program as well as the effects of its political, governmental, and professional contexts. In the present study the influence of professionalism is emphasized. Public assistance is affected by several endemic tensions: between central and decentralized control in the federal system; between comprehensive and narrowly categorical programs; between the formal requirements of public administration and the informal tradition of professional social work; between emphasis on personal independence and agency paternalism in eligibility determination and rendering of services; and, fundamentally, between stringency and liberality in public attitudes and admiinistrative practices toward the poor. Most of these dilemmas are closely related; none of them is easily resolved.
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