Policy implementation model review of the post-disaster housing reconstruction in Indonesia case study: Aceh, Yogyakarta, and Lombok

Abstract

Public policy has a significant role in Indonesia's disaster management system to determine the livelihood of the disaster victims. The issuance of the Indonesian Disaster Management Law No. 24 of 2007 and its derivative regulations comprehensively manage the activities before and after the disaster. It was discovered that the private housing sector had the highest loss during the Aceh tsunami in 2004, the Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006, and the Lombok earthquake in 2018. Therefore, this review study will clarify the Indonesian government's policy development and strategy implementation in the post-disaster housing reconstruction in Aceh, Yogyakarta, and Lombok before and after the DML 24/2007 by using literacy studies and field surveys to identify the reconstruction process documentation and references, to observe the post-reconstructed housing current condition in 2023, and conducting interviews with the beneficiaries, related government, and the NGO staff. The public policy implementation theory approach is applied to analyze Indonesia's disaster management system reformation and the post-disaster housing reconstruction implementation process to determine its significance and impact. Findings show that post-disaster housing reconstruction policy implementation will achieve better results by collaborating the contractor-based and community-based approaches into assisted community-driven strategies between the beneficiaries and stakeholders according to DML 24/2007 and the derivative regulations. However, policymakers must still implement essential adjustment strategies to deal with problems and dynamic conditions in the post-disaster areas.