Abstract
The paper first discusses the normative regulation of the raid, as a type of restriction of movement in a certain area, which is carried out by the police, and then this action is viewed as a criminalistic institute and its evolution is followed through scientific interest in the mentioned phenomenon. Frequent application of raids in domestic police practice could, at first glance, give it the epithet of a useful tool in the fight against crime. The author tried to examine this thesis through empirical research of raids in catering facilities on the territory of Serbia, conducted during 2017 and 2019, in which the sample consisted of a total of 738 respondents, 442 citizens and 296 members of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia. Parameters related to the preparation, objectives, implementation, outcomes and analysis of the conducted raids were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation method and interview, as well as the subjective feeling of respondents regarding the frequency and justification of implementing such a measure. The obtained data were interpreted in the discussion through the prism of comparative practice and relevant studies on this type of police activity, within the strategies of enhanced police action (hot spot policing) and their effects on the situation of crime. In this way, author tried to popularize the issue of raids in the scientific framework and to improve the practical criminalistic and police activities, as scientific and social goals of this paper. The results of the research show that the raids are well received both among police officers and among citizens, although there is no clear evidence of their positive effects on crime prevention. In the absence of domestic ones, the author referred to the relevant foreign researches, which notice several main weaknesses of this kind of police action on criminal hotspots – short-term effects and the so-called. “spillovers” of crime. In the end, instead of spectacular large-scale actions, among which the majority of affected are ordinary citizens, the creators of police action strategies are suggested an individual approach in solving the problem of crime.
Highlights
As a term used in criminalistic literature, raid has been present for a long time
Summary: The paper first discusses the normative regulation of the raid, as a type of restriction of movement in a certain area, which is carried out by the police, and this action is viewed as a criminalistic institute and its evolution is followed through scientific interest in the mentioned phenomenon
Police raids are seen in contemporary literature in a variety of ways, from a useful tool for crime control in certain areas to “dramatic and traumatic police actions” (Hill 2016, 55)
Summary
As a term used in criminalistic literature, raid has been present for a long time. the colloquial meaning of this term is more or less known to everyone, it seems that over time its form has changed, so that the raid has evolved in a way. According to Vujaklija, this term comes from the Arabic word rgaca or rgacia, which means (1) a campaign of Mohammedans in the fight against heretics, (2) a robbery campaign, or (3) a police chase for suspicious persons. This measure usually has a negative connotation, due to its aggressive and restrictive nature and the fact that it is carried out against a larger number of people, as well as due to the fact that, in a certain way, everyone is considered a possible criminal. Among the most common modalities of raids are raids in catering facilities, which were the subject of research in this paper
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