Polaron and bipolaron possibility in graphene nanoribons via laser

Abstract

In this paper, we investigated the possible formation of polarons and bipolarons in graphene under a laser field. The LLP framework is used to solve the stated problem. We see that the laser greatly affects the properties of the polaron in graphene. We show that the laser also increases the first energy level of the polaron in the structure. It is shown that the laser can be used to modulate the band gap of the graphene. We have observed that the laser frequency enhances the polaron-polaron interaction and promotes the formation of bipolarons. Compared to the polaron, the effects of laser frequency and laser amplitude are opposite. Thus, the laser amplitude tends to reduce the energy of the bipolaron in the graphene. It is also observed that the laser amplitude increases the oscillation period of the polaron. Our results show that the bipolaron depends on an appropriate balance between the laser amplitude and frequency. Similarly, we found that the frequency at which the bipolaron is dynamically stable is the frequency at which the laser intensity increases.