Polarization Gating in Relativistic Laser-Solid Interactions

Abstract

High order harmonic generation from relativistic laser-solid interactions (focused intensity of \(>10^{18}~\)Wcm\(^{-2}\)) has the potential to serve as a source of bright attosecond radiation. One key mechanism that can generate such radiation is the Relativistically Oscillating Mirror (ROM) where the overdense plasma surface oscillates at relativistic velocities leading to a Doppler upshift of the reflected laser radiation. A major obstacle to the application of such a harmonic source is that the radiation is emitted as a periodic pulse train with the frequency of the driving laser. One route to limiting this emission to a single pulse is to exploit the ellipticity dependence of these mechanisms by forming a pulse whose polarisation varies from circular to linear to circular—a technique known as polarization gating. At small angles of incidence it is expected that the efficiency of the ROM mechanism drops dramatically for circular polarization. Here we present a novel method of implementing this technique for high power laser pulses along with proof of principle experimental results.