Abstract

Polarization fluctuation spectroscopy is a dynamic light scattering technique that extends photon correlation spectroscopy to account for particles changing the polarization state of an incident beam of coherent light. This extension enables the shape in addition to the size of the particles to be sensed. The technique requires the particles to be sufficiently numerous for the scattered light to be in the Gaussian scattering regime, but sufficiently sparse for multiple-scattering effects to be neglected. The temporal cross-correlation function of intensities scattered into separate polarization states depends on the polarization state of the input beam, the scattering angle, and the relative refractive index, size and shape of the particles. Measurement of the temporal cross-correlation function enables independent determination of the size and aspect ratio of mono-disperse samples. The theory underpinning the method is developed from first principles and the processing and experimental techniques are discussed, together with the accuracy of measurement that can be achieved. The viability of the technique is demonstrated experimentally.

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