Abstract
Control of the polarization of an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) has been performed using an X-ray phase retarder (XPR) in combination with an arrival timing diagnostic on BL3 of the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA). To combine with the timing diagnostic, a pink beam was incident on the XPR crystal and then monochromated in the vicinity of samples. A high degree of circular polarization of ∼97% was obtained experimentally at 11.567 keV, which agreed with calculations based on the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction. This system enables pump-probe experiments to be operated using circular polarization with a time resolution of 40 fs to investigate ultrafast magnetic phenomena.
Highlights
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) based on the selfamplified spontaneous emission (SASE) principle (Kondratenko & Saldin, 1980; Bonifacio et al, 1984) produce brilliant femtosecond light pulses with ultrahigh coherence in the X-ray region (Emma et al, 2010)
A diamond X-ray phase retarder (XPR) (Hirano et al, 1991; Giles et al, 1994; Lang & Srajer, 1995) has been installed on BL3 of SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA) to control the polarization of the hard XFEL beam (Suzuki et al, 2014) so as to study the ultrafast dynamics of chemical bonding and magnetic states
We evaluated the degree of circular polarization (PC) of the XFEL beam in scheme B that combines polarization control with the timing monitor (TM) on BL3 of SACLA
Summary
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) based on the selfamplified spontaneous emission (SASE) principle (Kondratenko & Saldin, 1980; Bonifacio et al, 1984) produce brilliant femtosecond light pulses with ultrahigh coherence in the X-ray region (Emma et al, 2010). The SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA), constructed in Harima, Japan, is an XFEL facility with three beamlines: BL2 and BL3 for hard XFEL beams (Ishikawa et al, 2012; Yabashi et al, 2015), and BL1 for a soft XFEL beam (Owada, Togawa et al, 2018) Their pulse durations were evaluated to be 7.7 fs on BL3 (Inubushi et al, 2012, 2017) and below 100 fs on BL1 (Kubota et al, 2019; Owada et al, 2019). A diamond X-ray phase retarder (XPR) (Hirano et al, 1991; Giles et al, 1994; Lang & Srajer, 1995) has been installed on BL3 of SACLA to control the polarization of the hard XFEL beam (Suzuki et al, 2014) so as to study the ultrafast dynamics of chemical bonding and magnetic states. We experimentally confirmed a high degree of PC, which is consistent with the calculated value and almost the same as that for scheme A (Suzuki et al, 2014)
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