Abstract
Polarization and limiting current in electrodialysis (ED) are mass transfer phenomena usually described in terms of greatly rising electrical resistance of the depleted film. A simple and universally applicable technique has been developed to examine these. In actual operating conditions, direct measurement of the back electromotive force in a spirally wound electrodialysis (SPED) module suggests that the increase in ohmic resistance is minimal; the main mechanism is a large fall in the net e.m.f. From experimental results it is possible to evaluate membrane surface concentrations and hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness directly.
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