Abstract
Owing to the wide application of freeform surfaces in off-axis optical systems with large apertures, large fields of view, and long focus distances, the polarization effects caused by non-rotationally symmetrical surfaces have a significant impact on the system’s polarization imaging quality and measurement accuracy. In this study, considering the problem of the aforementioned polarization effects, a polarization aberration analysis method based on the Jones notation using the fringe Zernike polynomials freeform surface is proposed. A full-field polarization aberration analysis model of a non-rotationally symmetric reflection optical system with a freeform surface is constructed. The effect of freeform surfaces on the distribution characteristics of the proposed model is demonstrated. Through the full-field polarization ray tracing of the field-of-view off-axis optical system, three kinds of polarization aberrations, comprising phase aberration, retardance, and diattenuation are obtained, after the introduction of the Zernike polynomial freeform surface. Finally, a full-field polarization aberration analysis is carried out for a wide-field off-axis three-reflection optical system with freeform surfaces. The results show that the phase aberration of a non-rotationally symmetric optical system with freeform surfaces is directly related to the freeform surface shape. The full-field of view distribution of the retardance and diattenuation caused by the free-form surface is 52.5% of the overall retardance and diattenuation distribution of the system. The proposed method will be of great significance for improving the accuracy of systems in deep-space telescopes and lithography objectives.
Highlights
Polarization aberration represents the change in the polarization state of light passing through an optical system
Non-rotationally symmetric optical systems with freeform can effectively solve the bottleneck of traditional coaxial optical systems that have difficulty achieving a large aperture, large field of view, and long focal length at the same time, these non-rotationally symmetric optical systems introduce polarization aberration
It is helpful to analyze and control the polarization aberration distribution of the optical system to understand the mechanism of the polarization aberration of the freeform surface on the non-rotationally symmetric optical system
Summary
Polarization aberration represents the change in the polarization state of light passing through an optical system. It is helpful to analyze and control the polarization aberration distribution of the optical system to understand the mechanism of the polarization aberration of the freeform surface on the non-rotationally symmetric optical system This would facilitate satisfying the highprecision imaging requirements of special optical systems. Appendix A derives the polarization transmission matrix of the freeform surface optical system
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