Abstract

In the light of recent experimental as well as theoretical studies, we summarize our present understanding of polar oxide surfaces andexamine fundamental issues regarding their stability. The focus ison the surface atomic configurations (relaxations, reconstructions, non-stoichiometry, etc) obtained under specific preparationconditions and their associated electronic structure. We discussseveral mechanisms at work on polar surfaces, such as relaxationeffects, change of covalency in the surface layers, partial fillingof surface states, and stoichiometry variations, and try to assesstheir actual efficiency for cancelling the polarity.

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