Abstract

Phase stability in nanoscale ferroelectrics is governed by the interplay of electrostatic depolarization energy, domain formation, adsorption, and surface band bending. Using in situ low-energy electron-diffraction intensity versus voltage (LEED $I\text{\ensuremath{-}}V$ $$), we have characterized 4 and 10 ML ${\text{BaTiO}}_{3}$ films, grown using pulsed laser deposition with fully compressive strain on a ${\text{SrRuO}}_{3}/{\text{SrTiO}}_{3}$ substrate. LEED $I\text{\ensuremath{-}}V$ reveals a single surface dead layer and a monodomain vertically polarized state below. The single orientation is attributed to the intrinsic imprint asymmetry and the stability of a polarized phase to compensation of depolarizing charges by dipoles induced by surface stress.

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