Abstract
The required tightly focused spots in 3D scanning optical techniques are usually achieved by high‐NA immersion lenses. The refractive‐index mismatch between the sample and the immersion medium introduces an important amount of spherical aberration when imaging deep inside the specimen, spreading out the focusing response. Since this aberration depends on the focalization depth, it is not possible to simultaneously achieve a global compensation for the whole scanned sample. In this way, the design of pupil elements that increase the tolerance to this aberration is of great interest. We present several techniques that provide an impulse response that stands almost invariant in the depth‐scanning processing of thick samples. This invariance allows also the application of 3D deconvolution techniques to recover the specimen structure when imaging thick samples.
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