Abstract
Diagnosis of HIV in children younger than 18 months can be challenging in developing countries because requires the use of HIV virological tests. In this study we describe the experience with three commercial assays, HIV- 1 DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Roche Amplicor 1.5) with dried blood spot, HIV-1 RNA PCR (Roche COBAS TaqMan) with plasma and reverse transcriptase activity assay (Cavidi Exavir Load 3) with plasma in a rural setting of India. Sensitivity and specificity were 98.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90- 100) and 99.3% (95% CI 97.9-99.9) for the HIV- 1 RNA PCR assay, 66.7% (95% CI 29.9-92.5) and 100% (95% CI 96.8-100) for the HIV-1 DNA PCR assay, and 100% (95% CI 48-100) and 98.7% (95% CI 92.8-100) for the reverse transcriptase activity assay respectively. The low sensitivity of the HIV-1 DNA PCR assay in this setting is worrisome and warrants further investigations.
Highlights
Prompt diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and early antiretro-Children who were not breastfed for at least 6 weeks and who had one negative HIV serological test or two HIV virological tests were considered as non HIV infected.[2]
In this study we describe the experience with three commercial assays, HIV
Viral therapy (ART) can reduce infant mortali- virological tests performed during breastfeed- Release 11
Summary
Children who were not breastfed for at least 6 weeks and who had one negative HIV serological test or two HIV virological tests were considered as non HIV infected.[2] Negative HIV negative.[10,11] All samples were collected from infants older than six weeks. The 2010 World Health Organi - ing or within six weeks after stopping breastzation (WHO) guidelines of ART for HIV infec- feeding in children who were found to tion in children recommend early HIV diagno- be HIV infected were not considered as false sis and immediate initiation of ART in all negative results because of the possibility of Results infants regardless of the CD4 cell count.[2] HIV transmission through breastfeeding.[2]
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