Poids des comorbidités chez les insuffisants cardiaques hospitalisés à l’Institut de cardiologie d’Abidjan

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of our work was to appreciate the importance of comorbidities of heart failure individually and globally in patients hospitalized at the Cardiology Institute of Abidjan. Patients and methodsThis was a prospective cohort study of adult heart failure patients hospitalized from January to December 2015, and followed up over 12 months. Co-morbidities were analysed through their prevalence, their relationship with the etiologies, and their impact on the prognosis. ResultsThree hundred and two patients (mean age: 55.5±16.9 years, 61.6 % male) were recruited. High blood pressure, anaemia and kidney dysfunction were the most common co-morbidities (48 %, 43.7 % and 41.3 % respectively). There was an average of 3.4±1.8 comorbidities per patient with an increase in the number of comorbidities with age (P<0.05) and a more frequent association with hypertensive and ischemic heart disease (P<0.001). During the one-year follow-up, 96 patients died. Apart from hepatic dysfunction (RR=1.97, 95 % CI [1,19–3.25], P=0.008, a high score of Charlson index appeared as a risk factor of death as much in univariate analysis (RR=4.15 95 % CI [2.32–7.41], P<0.001), as in multivariate analysis according to the Cox model (RR=2.48. 95 % CI [1.08–5.09], P=0.03) confirmed by Kaplan Meier curves (P<0.001). ConclusionComorbidities are common in our heart failure patients and significantly affect their prognosis.