Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the periodontal disease status in a multi-center cross-sectional study in Germany. Associations of dental, socio-economic, blood and biomedical variables with periodontal outcome parameters were evaluated.MethodsFrom 4 different centers N = 311 persons were included, drawn randomly from the registration offices. Maximal pocket depth (PD) was used as primary indicator for periodontitis. It was classified as: no/mild ≤3 mm, moderate 4-5 mm, severe ≥6 mm. Associations between socioeconomic (household income, education), lifestyle, and biomedical factors and PD or bleeding on probing (BOP) per site (“Yes”/”No”) was analyzed with logistic regression analysis.ResultsMean age of subjects was 46.4 (range 20–77) years. A significantly higher risk of deeper pockets for smokers (OR = 2.4, current vs. never smoker) or persons with higher BMI (OR = 1.6, BMI increase by 5) was found. Severity of periodontitis was significantly associated with caries lesions (p = 0.01), bridges (p < .0001), crowns (p < .0001), leukocytes (p = 0.04), HbA1c (p < .0001) and MCV (p = 0.04). PD was positively correlated with BOP. No significant associations with BOP were found in regression analysis.ConclusionsEarlier findings for BMI and smoking with severity of PD were confirmed. Dental variables might be influenced by potential confounding factors e.g. dental hygiene. For blood parameters interactions with unknown systemic diseases may exist.
Highlights
To investigate the periodontal disease status in a multi-center cross-sectional study in Germany
Data on periodontal status of study participants in different regions and a wide range of lifestyle and health related variables were collected. Based on these data we present in this paper results on pocket depth and bleeding on probing status as outcome parameters for periodontal disease and to quantify factors which are associated with these conditions
Study population Subjects participated in the pretest phase of a populationbased interdisciplinary epidemiologic cohort study called “The German National Cohort” (GNC) [37,38]
Summary
To investigate the periodontal disease status in a multi-center cross-sectional study in Germany. Periodontitis is mostly promoted by microorganisms cardiovascular disease [21,22], myocardial infarction [23,24] and systemic diseases [25,26]. Several studies have shown that periodontitis is highly prevalent in both developing and industrialized countries [27,28,29,30]. Recent research has shown, that periodontitis is highly prevalent in Germany, especially in older ages [31]. In about 10% of periodontitis cases treatment is necessary even in young patients [32]. Due to the decrease in caries prevalence and the increased amount of maintained teeth periodontal infections are rising and are expected to even increase in future [31]
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