Abstract
In recent years, various Brain-Computer-Interface (BCI) companies (such as Neuralink, Kernel, CereGate, MindMaze, Blackrock, Paradromics, Synchron, and Cognixion) raised (combined) >0.5 billion dollars and represent a combined valuation of multiple billions as of today. Clinical neuromodulation on the other hand has been around for decades, yet in many indications, less than 5% of eligible patients receive neuromodulation treatments as of today. The aim of this work is to investigate the intersection between clinical neuromodulation practice, BCIing, and next-generation developments in this space. Furthermore, to assess how this trend will influence reimbursement, referral pathways, and the clinical experience of patients in the coming 5-10 years.
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