Abstract
During a pneumonic plague outbreak in Moramanga, Madagascar, we identified 4 confirmed, 1 presumptive, and 9 suspected plague case-patients. Human-to-human transmission among close contacts was high (reproductive number 1.44) and the case fatality rate was 71%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Yersinia pestis isolates belonged to group q3, different from the previous outbreak.
Highlights
During a pneumonic plague outbreak in Moramanga, Madagascar, we identified 4 confirmed, 1 presumptive, and 9 suspected plague case-patients
The bacterium spread to Madagascar in 1898 through trade routes and became endemic in the country’s central highlands [3]
Understanding how pneumonic plague outbreaks spread is vital for managing disease prevention and educating the population
Summary
During a pneumonic plague outbreak in Moramanga, Madagascar, we identified 4 confirmed, 1 presumptive, and 9 suspected plague case-patients. Person-to-person transmission facilitates the spread from the initial infected person to family members and the wider community [5,8]. We investigated the transmission chain of a pneumonic plague outbreak that occurred in Madagascar outside the normal plague season (October–March) [9] in a remote area that had been free of human plague for 13 years.
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