Abstract
A pneumatic experimental design to evaluate strain rate sensitive biaxial stretching forming limits for 7075 aluminum alloy sheets was attempted with the finite element method. It was composed of apparatus geometric design with pressure optimization as the process design. The 7075 aluminum alloy material was characterized by conventional Voce-type hardening law with power law strain rate sensitivity relationship. For optimization of the die shape design, the ratio of minor to major die radius (k) and profile radius (R) were parametrically studied. The final shape of die was determined by how the history of targeted deformation mode was well maintained and whether the fracture was induced at the pole (specimen center), thereby preventing unexpected failure at other locations. As a result, a circular die with k = 1.0 and an elliptic die with k = 0.25 were selected for the balanced biaxial mode and near plane strain mode, respectively. Lastly, the pressure inducing fracture at the targeted strain rate was studied as the process design. An analytical solution that had been previously studied to maintain constant strain rate was properly modified for the designed model. The results of the integrated design were compared with real experimental results. The shape and thickness distribution of numerical simulation showed good agreement with those of the experiment.
Highlights
Pneumatic forming or superplastic forming (SPF) has been widely utilized in various different areas, such as the aerospace and automobile industries [1,2]
Conventional draw forming is widely utilized for constructing forming limit diagram (FLD), the apparatus for draw forming is vulnerable to elevated and high temperatures because of contact problems
When it comes to constant deformation rate, it is quite difficult to maintain the targeted strain rate due to the instability coming
Summary
Pneumatic forming or superplastic forming (SPF) has been widely utilized in various different areas, such as the aerospace and automobile industries [1,2]. Pneumatic forming is a forming method that deforms sheets by gas pressure at elevated temperatures. Some researchers have developed the method to construct a forming limit diagram (FLD) by pneumatic forming [3,4]. Conventional draw forming is widely utilized for constructing FLD, the apparatus for draw forming is vulnerable to elevated and high temperatures because of contact problems. The friction effect by contact can lead to inaccurate measurement of FLD, thereby triggering early failure. When it comes to constant deformation rate, it is quite difficult to maintain the targeted strain rate due to the instability coming
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