Abstract
It is of great importance for power grids to have black-start capability for rapid recovery, and there is great theoretical significance and practical application value in studying how to use wind farms as the black-start power supply source for power grids with large-scale renewable energy generation. In this paper, a black-start scheme using a permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind farm as black-start power supply source is formulated. First, a diesel generator is used as an external supporting power supply for the self-start of a wind power unit (WPU). Then, after all the planned WPUs operate normally, the wind farm with the diesel generator and static var generator (SVG) is used to black start the simulated auxiliary load of a thermal power plant. A field test of the proposed black-start scheme is carried out on an actual wind farm in Jiangsu Province (China). The results of the field test show that wind farms can act as a black-start power supply source for the grid after appropriate technological transformation.
Highlights
With the rapid development of UHV AC and DC transmission, large-scale grid-connected renewable energy generation and communication technologies, the possibility of power grid blackouts is increasing due to uncertainty of renewable energy generation, cascading failures and cyber-attacks [1,2].It is of great significance to develop reasonable black-start schemes for power grids with large-scale renewable energy generation.Benefiting from the advantages such as faster start-up and lower energy requirements, hydroelectric and combustion gas turbines are often the primary choices of traditional black-start power supply sources
The results showed that wind farm participation in a black start is feasible
In order to increase load and minimize interruption time, Bizon studied the possibility of insertion of wind power plants in the hydroelectric plants corridors with black-start capacity [7]; El-Zonkoly proposed a firefly algorithm to find the optimal final sequence of non-black start units restoration, transmission paths and load pick-up sequence [29]; Golshani developed a novel offline restoration planning tool for harnessing wind energy to enhance the resilience of power grid [1]
Summary
With the rapid development of UHV AC and DC transmission, large-scale grid-connected renewable energy generation and communication technologies, the possibility of power grid blackouts is increasing due to uncertainty of renewable energy generation, cascading failures and cyber-attacks [1,2]. In order to increase load and minimize interruption time, Bizon studied the possibility of insertion of wind power plants in the hydroelectric plants corridors with black-start capacity [7]; El-Zonkoly proposed a firefly algorithm to find the optimal final sequence of non-black start units restoration, transmission paths and load pick-up sequence [29]; Golshani developed a novel offline restoration planning tool for harnessing wind energy to enhance the resilience of power grid [1]. Based on the current theoretical and practical research status of wind farms as black-start power sources at home and abroad [29,32,33,34,35], there is no technical plan that involves a field test of wind farms as a black start power source in an actual power grid. Province in China, and the detailed test process is analyzed
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