Abstract
PM 10 aerosols at McMurdo Station, Antarctica were sampled continuously during the austral summers of 1995–1996 and 1996–1997. PM 10 (particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 10 μm) mass concentrations at Hut Point, located less than 1 km from downtown McMurdo, averaged 3.4 μg m −3, more than an order of magnitude lower than the USEPA annual average National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 50 μg m −3. Concentrations of methanesulfonate and nitrate were similar to those measured at other Antarctic coastal sites. Non-sea-salt sulfate (NSS) concentrations on Ross Island were higher than those found at other coastal locations. The average elemental carbon concentration (129 ng m −3) downwind of the station was two orders of magnitude higher than those measured at remote coastal and inland Antarctic sites during summer. Average sulfur dioxide concentrations (746 ng m −3) were 3–44 times higher than those reported for coastal Antarctica. Concentrations of Pb and Zn were 17 and 46 times higher than those reported for the South Pole. A methanesulfonate to biogenic sulfate ratio ( R) of 0.47 was derived that is consistent with the proposed temperature dependence of R.
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