Plunging conditions of two-dimensional negative buoyant surface jets released on a sloping bottom

Abstract

As is well-known, many researchers treated the plunging conditions of the two-dimensional negative buoyant surface jets released on a sloping bottom. However, they suggested a wide variety of the plunging conditions, which are quite different from one another. In this study, the flow mechanism around the plunging point of the jet was investigated in detail by a laboratory experiment to make clear the reason for the variation in the plunging conditions. As a result, the flow type could be classified into one of four categories: Types I–IV, based on the initial densimetric Froude number, Fo and the bottom slope, S. The plunging conditions greatly change by the variation of the flow type