Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the optimum plot size (Xo) and the number of replications to evaluate the grains yield of rye (Secale cereale L.) and investigate the variability of Xo between two cultivars and three sowing dates. Eighteen uniformity trials were conducted with rye. The Xo was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation model. The number of repetitions was determined in scenarios formed by combinations of i treatments (i = 3, 4, ... 50) and d minimum differences between means of treatments to be detected as significant at 0.05 of probability, by Tukey test, expressed in percentage of the average of the experiment (d = 10, 12, ... 30%). There is variability in optimum plot size to evaluate the grains yield among the cultivars BRS Progresso and Temprano and among sowing dates in the rye crop. The optimum plot size to evaluate the grains yield of rye is 6.08 m2. Seven replicates are sufficient to evaluate the grains yield of rye in experiments with up to 50 treatments, and identify, as significant at 5% probability by Tukey test, differences among averages of treatments of 29.65% of the mean of the experiment in designs completely randomized and randomized block.
Highlights
Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a winter crop belonging to family Poaceae (Hoffmann, Mudra, & Plarre, 1970) which has a wide geographic distribution due to the several events of domestication (Zohary & Hopf, 2000)
According to Mori, Nascimento Junior, and Miranda (2013), the advance in productivity of rye cultivars can be the result of an effort begun in the 1970s, restoring and preserving cultivated populations
Distributed in three sowing dates, three uniformity trials were performed with the cultivar BRS Progresso and three with the cultivar Temprano totaling 18 trials
Summary
Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a winter crop belonging to family Poaceae (Hoffmann, Mudra, & Plarre, 1970) which has a wide geographic distribution due to the several events of domestication (Zohary & Hopf, 2000). In order to improve and adapt the characteristics of rye plants to the Brazilian conditions, new combinations, selections and tests of genotypes were performed in experiments (Mori, Nascimento Junior, & Miranda, 2013). The same depends on the crop, the evaluated characteristics, the treatments and the conditions of the experimental area (Storck, Garcia, Lopes, & Estefanel, 2016). Through such planning the steps are defined to control the environmental effects in such a way as to find significant differences among the factors in test, if they exist (Banzatto & Kronka, 2013). In the planning and implementation of agronomic research, field experiments have as basic problem to determine the plot size (Henriques Neto, Sediyama, Souza, Leite, & Blanco, 2009)
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