Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the use of ploidy manipulations in interspecific gene transfer. Problems are encountered in interspecific gene transfer. Polyploidy plays a role in overcoming cross-incompatibility, by regulating ploidy level in gametes, endosperm, or embryo; in providing buffering capacity for the acceptance of a foreign genome; in restoring fertility in sterile species hybrids; in serving as a genetic bridge to transfer genes among species; and in regulating chromosome pairing to effect incorporation of specific segments. It is particularly helpful in the production and propagation of many interspecific hybrid combinations with subsequent genome duplication. Similarly, polyploidy has featured prominently in natural plant evolution to facilitate the establishment of populations with wider adaptability and superior potential than their parents. The chapter presents the situations where genetic exchange has been achieved or is possible through chromosome or ploidy manipulations of donor wild species, recipient cultivated species, or hybrids between the two.
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