Abstract
BackgroundThe Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry is investigating the feasibility of using sterile triploids to mitigate genetic interactions with wild conspecifics, however, studies investigating diploid and triploid performance often show contrasting results. Studies have identified dosage and dosage-compensation effects for gene expression between triploid and diploid salmonids, but no study has investigated how ploidy and parent-origin effects interact on a polygenic trait in divergent lines of Atlantic salmon (i.e. slow growing wild versus fast growing domesticated phenotype). This study utilised two experiments relating to the freshwater growth of diploid and triploid groups of pure wild (0% domesticated genome), pure domesticated (100% domesticated genome), and F1 reciprocal hybrid (33%, 50% or 66% domesticated genome) salmon where triploidy was either artificially induced (experiment 1) or naturally developed/spontaneous (experiment 2).ResultsIn both experiments, reciprocal hybrid growth was influenced by the dosage effect of the second maternal chromosome, with growth increasing as ploidy level increased in individuals with a domesticated dam (from 50% to 66% domesticated genome), and the inverse in individuals with a wild dam (from 50% to 33% domesticated genome).ConclusionsWe demonstrate that the combined effect of ploidy and parent-origin on growth, a polygenic trait, is regulated in an additive pattern. Therefore, in order to maximise growth potential, the aquaculture industry should consider placing more emphasis on the breeding value of the dam than the sire when producing triploid families for commercial production.
Highlights
The Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry is investigating the feasibility of using sterile triploids to mitigate genetic interactions with wild conspecifics, studies investigating diploid and triploid performance often show contrasting results
Despite the potential benefits of using sterile triploids for salmon aquaculture, their adoption in commercial production has been delayed by several challenges, including high incidences of skeletal deformities and cataracts [12, 13], increased sensitivity to sub-optimal rearing environments [14], and the inconsistent results found relating to their relative commercial performance compared to diploids, for example growth and survival [6, 8]
Using two complimentary data sets, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of ploidy and parentorigin on the growth of pure wild, pure farmed and reciprocal hybrids of farmed and wild maternal origin in diploid and triploid full and half-sib groups
Summary
The Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry is investigating the feasibility of using sterile triploids to mitigate genetic interactions with wild conspecifics, studies investigating diploid and triploid performance often show contrasting results. Despite the potential benefits of using sterile triploids for salmon aquaculture, their adoption in commercial production has been delayed by several challenges, including high incidences of skeletal deformities and cataracts [12, 13], increased sensitivity to sub-optimal rearing environments [14], and the inconsistent results found relating to their relative commercial performance compared to diploids, for example growth and survival [6, 8]. The mechanisms underlying these challenges are partially, but not fully known. Genome duplication causes several major challenges for cellular processes and important regulatory functions within an organism [18], autopolyploidy and whole genome duplications are generally not as disruptive as allopolyploidy or partial genome duplication, as overall cellular stoichiometry is maintained [19]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
