Pleuroesophageal fistula post corrosive esophageal injury: a case study

Abstract

Background: A pleuroesophageal fistula (PEF) is a potentially fatal consequence of esophageal damage caused by corrosive substances. This condition is distinguished by an anomalous interface between the pleural cavity and the esophagus, which results in the retrograde movement of esophageal secretions into the thoracic cavity. Case Presentation: A 1-year-old boy presented to the emergency room with a history of alkaline ingestion. Massive oral hemorrhage and a discoloration of the patient's chest and mouth cavity were seen. The patient was immediately transferred to the operating room for intubation and subsequently admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit due to the unsuccessful intubation attempt. In addition to esophageal and stomach damage, diagnostic methods identified a delicate mucosa. The patient was confronted with numerous obstacles during their admission, such as bacteremia, thrombosis, and pleural effusion. Interdisciplinary cooperation and prompt management were crucial to the successful resolution of this complicated case. Conclusion: In corrosive esophageal injuries, early detection and prompt therapy of PEF are crucial. This particular case underscores the significance of timely identification, suitable diagnostic investigation, and interdisciplinary treatment to attain positive results for pediatric patients.