Abstract
AbstractSubsea field architecture involves a network of pipelines serving as a conduit for transferring the product on the seabed. These flowlines/pipelines or conduits are connected via manifolds, pipeline end manifolds (PLEMs), and pipeline end terminations (PLETs) and form the part of the subsea production system (SPS). The manifold, PLEM, and PLET components that make up a SPS are described in this article. This article also covers themes such as manifold design and analysis, PLET design, cathodic protection, coating, fabrication and welding guidelines, testing, and commissioning.
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