Abstract
Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, describing their features and requirements, and analyze the most common approaches proposed in the literature for each block. In particular, we compare three of the most important communication technologies for IoT purposes, i.e., REST, MQTT, and AMQP, and we also analyze three IoT platforms: openHAB, Sentilo, and Parse. The analysis will prove the importance of adopting an integrated approach that jointly addresses several issues and is able to flexibly accommodate the requirements of the various elements of the system.We also discuss a use case which illustrates the design challenges and the choices to make when selecting which protocols and technologies to use.
Highlights
The Internet of Things is a communication paradigm in which sensors and microcontrollers are extended into the world of everyday objects: machines, buildings, vehicles, plants, people themselves, etc
Representational State Transfer (REST) over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) and Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) can all be placed on top of Transport Layer Security (TLS) [22], which provides confidentiality of the data exchanged
In this paper we identified the fundamental parts of a generic Internet of Things (IoT) system, independently of its final application
Summary
The Internet of Things is a communication paradigm in which sensors and microcontrollers are extended into the world of everyday objects: machines, buildings, vehicles, plants, people themselves, etc. The heterogeneity of both end devices and applications complicates the already challenging development of the IoT [6] which needs to cope with massive access to the transmission channels, security issues and energy efficiency problems, which are stressed by the use of constrained end devices To cope with these issues, the ongoing research in the scientific community addresses all layers of the protocol stack, from physical transmission up to data representation and service composition. Middleware layer: it is the intermediate layer between the things and the Internet and is mainly responsible for filtering and storing the data received from the end devices It is responsible for enforcing the security policy in the IoT network.
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