Platelet to white blood cell ratio was an independent prognostic predictor in acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Recently, platelet to white blood cell ratio (PWR) was reported as an independent prognostic predictor in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often presents with abnormal platelet counts and white blood cell counts (WBC) at disease diagnosis. However, the clinical impact of PWR on cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML) is still unclear. Therefore, we evaluate its prognostic impact on CN-AML patients. Methods We recorded the clinical information at the time of disease diagnosis, and calculated the ratio of platelet counts to WBC in 338 patients with CN-AML. To assess the prognostic value of PWR, we divided patients into low, intermediate and high group based on the values of PWR. The independent prognostic value of PWR was investigated in the context of the well-established predictors including white blood cell counts, age, and genes of NPM1, FLT3-ITD, CEBPA, and DNMT3A mutations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the performance of its prognostic prediction. Results Higher PWR have the higher levels of platelet counts, but lower levels of white blood cell counts, percentage of bone marrow blasts, FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations. The performance of survival prediction was comparable between PWR alone and combined molecular biomarkers. Moreover, PWR had the additional prognostic information to the molecular biomarkers. Finally, PWR was associated with favorable overall survival and event free survival in CN-AML patients independent of genetic subtypes and clinical parameters. Conclusion We found PWR was an independent prognostic predictor in CN-AML.