Platelet storage. Effects of leachable materials on morphology and function.

Abstract

A polyolefin plastic (PL 732) bag formulated without liquid plasticizer allows storage of platelets for 5 and, now, up to 7 days. In order to assess the leaching of compounds from this new plastic, extracts of the supernatant from platelet concentrates stored in these bags were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and gas-liquid chromatography. A leachable material was detected and identified as di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). During the sterilization process, migration of the DEHP occurs from the polyvinylchloride (PVC) bags into the PL 732 plastic bag. The level of DEHP was 12-fold less in the extracts of PC supernatant stored in the PL 732 bag than those in the polyvinyl chloride (PL 146) plastic bags which were used previously for platelet storage. Platelets stored in low DEHP concentrations in the PL 732 bags were composed of 10 to 35 percent of unclassifiable shapes. These shape changes were not observed in higher concentrations of plasticizer, although the morphology scores decreased during storage in PL 146 as well. This effect on morphology was not related directly to the dose of DEHP. When platelet membranes were isolated from platelets stored in the presence of radiolabeled DEHP, the amount of bound 14C-DEHP was found to be directly proportional to the concentration of DEHP in the plasma supernatant. However, while there was a linear relationship between the protein concentration in the membrane fraction and the amount of bound DEHP, no specific DEHP binding site could be identified by electrophoresis of the solubilized platelet membranes.