Abstract
Regenerative endodontics has introduced numerous procedures such as pulp implantation, revascularization, and postnatal stem cell therapy. Revascularization has been successfully implemented clinically nowadays, thus providing dentists with outrageous results. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) used either alone or along with bone graft promotes bone growth and vascularization. This matrix promotes migration, cell attachment, and proliferation of osteoblast that leads to bone formation. PRF consists of a packed fibrin complex consisting of leukocytes, cytokines, and glycoproteins such as thrombospondin. The usage of PRF has reported high success rates in surgical cases such as sinus lift procedures, healing of extraction sockets, and management of periapical abscesses. Compared to platelet-rich plasma, PRF is more economical, easy to prepare, and feasible to use in daily clinical practices. Revascularization compromised the induction of a blood clot into the root canal space, which emerged as a clinical triumph. This further led to platelet concentrates as an autologous scaffold on which revascularization could occur. The applications of PRF in regenerative endodontics are numerous, such as an agent for repairing iatrogenic perforation of the pulpal floor and for the revascularization of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps. It acts as a matrix for tissue ingrowth. Evidence of progressive thickening of dentinal walls, root lengthening, regression in the periapical lesion, and apical closure was reported. Further studies are needed to clarify the precise mechanism of action of PRF for dental pulp regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. The current review aims at the present uses of PRF in regenerative endodontics dentistry and its application with future recommendations and limitations.
Highlights
Procedures that involve the usage of materials that encourage healing and repair of the pulp dentin complex after restoring the infectious or diseased tooth tissue are known as regenerative procedures [1]
Due to the increased rate of root canal treatment failure and posttreatment complications, regenerative endodontics plays an essential role in overcoming these complications. e goal is to prevent aggressive invasive instrumentation and radiographic exposure [3]. is is performed by the reimposition of β and T lymphocytes that aid in defense against the pathogens leading to pulp damage
Being an unnatural biomechanical complex, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is synthesized by homologized plasma. is is performed by the formation of a fibrin clot which occurs during centrifugation of human-derived blood. is clot later contains a copious number of cytokines, growth factors, and platelets resulting from a polymerization reaction; apart from this, there is no foreign enzyme or anticoagulant needed for its production
Summary
Procedures that involve the usage of materials that encourage healing and repair of the pulp dentin complex after restoring the infectious or diseased tooth tissue are known as regenerative procedures [1]. Regenerative endodontics has introduced numerous procedures such as pulp implantation, revascularization, and postnatal stem cell therapy. Healing is known to be a demand in surgical procedures, and it is achieved by a series of events: cellular organization, chemical signals, and extracellular matrix for tissue repair [5]. Is matrix promotes migration, cell attachment, and proliferation of osteoblast that leads to bone formation [6]. An orthodontic surgical case was pursued using PRF, cancellous bone allograft, bovine bone matrix, and metronidazole, leading to complete healing with no complication [10]. Results obtained from studies have shown that when PRF is combined with the biomaterials, the respective substitute’s revitalization power increases and is more suitable and acceptable for the defected tissue space. PRF develops the cell-to-cell interaction; proper incorporation of biomaterial is attained [11]. e current review aims at the uses of PRF in regenerative endodontics and dentistry and its applications with future application and limitations
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