Platelet microvesicles adhere to subendothelium and promote adhesion of platelets

Abstract

A role in hemostasis has been suggested for platelet membrane microvesicles (mv). The objectives of the studies reported here include functional analysis of platelet mv in models developed for study of platelet adhesion, as well as investigation of possible interactions between mv and intact platelets in these same adhesion models. Microvesicles were prepared from washed platelet concentrates by repeated freezing and thawing. Adhesion to subendothelium was measured quantitatively by radiolabelling mv with 111-In, and morphologically by scanning electron microscopy. Platelet mv adhered to subendothelium quantitatively over time. Using a modified Baumgartner chamber, we found adhesion of mv to subendothelium significantly increased with increasing shear rates. With this same model we found that prior exposure of subendothelium to mv greatly increased subsequent adhesion of platelets to the same everted vessel, compared to platelet adhesion in the absence of mv. All of these experiments were conducted with mv suspended in ACD/saline, indicating that plasma components are not essential for adhesion of mv. Our studies show that platelet mv adhere to subendothelium in much the same way as do platelets, and support the concept of a hemostatic role for mv in that they appear to increase platelet adhesion.